SpringerBriefs v elektrotechnike a výpočtovom inžinierstveSéria

Odporúčané poradie čítania

• Spatially Resolved Characterization in Thin-Film Photovoltaics

  • Matevz Bokalic

  • 116 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  The book is devoted to the spatial characterization of solar cells and PV modules. It is written both as a monograph as well as a succinct guide for the state-of-the-art spatial characterization techniques and approaches. Amongst the approaches discussed are visual imaging, electro- and photo-luminescence imaging, thermography, and light beam induced mapping techniques. Emphasis is given on the luminescence image acquisition and interpretation due to its great potential. Characterization techniques are accompanied by simulation tools. The contents are aimed at a readership of students and senior researchers in R & D as well as engineers in industry who are newcomers to the spatial characterization of either solar cells or PV modules. The concepts and approaches presented herein are based on but not limited to case studies of real thin-film PV devices. Key features: · Review of spatially resolved characterization techniques and accompanying SPICE simulations in photovoltaics · Use of spatially resolved characterization techniques and their combinations for the identification of inhomogeneities in small area CdTe and dye-sensitized solar cells · Case studies of electroluminescence imaging of commercial PV modules (c-Si, CIGS, CdTe, a-Si, tandem and triple junction thin-film-Si) The contents are aimed at a readership of students and senior researchers in R & D as well as engineers in industry who are newcomers to the spatial characterization of either solar cells or PV modules. The concepts and approaches presented herein are based on but not limited to case studies of real thin-film PV devices. Key features: · Review of spatially resolved characterization techniques and accompanying SPICE simulations in photovoltaics · Use of spatially resolved characterization techniques and their combinations for the identification of inhomogeneities in small area CdTe and dye-sensitized solar cells · Case studies of electroluminescence imaging of commercial PV m

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• Interference Coordination for 5G Cellular Networks

  • Yang

  • 76 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This SpringerBrief presents interference coordination techniques for future 5G cellular networks. Starting with an overview of existing interference management techniques, it focuses on practical interference coordination schemes based on beamforming and user scheduling. The proposed schemes aim to deal with the inter-cell interference in multi-cell MIMO networks, cross-tier interference in device-to-device communications underlaying cellular network, and inter-network interference in cognitive radio networks. The performances of the proposed schemes are evaluated both analytically and numerically in terms of several performance parameters, including the sum rate, multiplexing gain, and outage probability of the networks. The results show that the proposed schemes can significantly reduce the effect of interference and improve the quality of service of the networks. Interference Coordination for 5G Cellular Networks is suitable for researchers and advanced students interested in interference coordination or 5G cellular networks.

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• Dynamic Spectrum Auction in Wireless Communication

  • Yanjiao Chen

  This brief explores current research on dynamic spectrum auctions, focusing on fundamental auction theory, characteristics of the spectrum market, spectrum auction architecture and possible auction mechanisms. The brief explains how dynamic spectrum auctions, which enable new users to gain spectrum access and existing spectrum owners to obtain financial benefits, can greatly improve spectrum efficiency by resolving the artificial spectrum shortage. It examines why operators and users face significant challenges due to specialty of the spectrum market and the related requirements imposed on the auction mechanism design. Concise and up-to-date, Dynamic Spectrum Auction in Wireless Communication is designed for researchers and professionals in computer science or electrical engineering. Students studying networking will also find this brief a valuable resource.

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• Compressed Sensing for Distributed Systems

  • Giulio Coluccia

  • 97 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  

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• Network Inference in Molecular Biology

  • Jesse M. Lingeman

  5,0(1)Ohodnotiť

  Inferring gene regulatory networks is a difficult problem to solve due to the relative scarcity of data compared to the potential size of the networks. While researchers have developed techniques to find some of the underlying network structure, there is still no one-size-fits-all algorithm for every data set. Network Inference in Molecular Biology examines the current techniques used by researchers, and provides key insights into which algorithms best fit a collection of data. Through a series of in-depth examples, the book also outlines how to mix-and-match algorithms, in order to create one tailored to a specific data situation. Network Inference in Molecular Biology is intended for advanced-level students and researchers as a reference guide. Practitioners and professionals working in a related field will also find this book valuable.

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• Iterative Learning Control for Electrical Stimulation and Stroke Rehabilitation

  • Christopher Freeman

  • 132 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  Iterative learning control (ILC) has its origins in the control of processes that perform a task repetitively with a view to improving accuracy from trial to trial by using information from previous executions of the task. This brief shows how a classic application of this technique – trajectory following in robots – can be extended to neurological rehabilitation after stroke. Regaining upper limb movement is an important step in a return to independence after stroke, but the prognosis for such recovery has remained poor. Rehabilitation robotics provides the opportunity for repetitive task-oriented movement practice reflecting the importance of such intense practice demonstrated by conventional therapeutic research and motor learning theory. Until now this technique has not allowed feedback from one practice repetition to influence the next, also implicated as an important factor in therapy. The authors demonstrate how ILC can be used to adjust external functional electrical stimulation of patients’ muscles while they are repeatedly performing a task in response to the known effects of stimulation in previous repetitions. As the motor nerves and muscles of the arm reaquire the ability to convert an intention to move into a motion of accurate trajectory, force and rapidity, initially intense external stimulation can now be scaled back progressively until the fullest possible independence of movement is achieved.

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• Computational Cancer Biology

  An Interaction Network Approach

  • Mathukumalli Vidyasagar

  • 92 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  Focusing on the intersection of probability theory and cancer biology, this brief provides insights into various problems within the field that can be analyzed using statistical methods. While it highlights specific applications related to cancer data, the techniques discussed are applicable to a wider range of computational biology issues, making it a valuable resource for those with foundational knowledge in probability looking to explore its relevance in biological research.

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• Wideband CMOS Receivers

  • Miguel Fernandes

  • 120 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  This book demonstrates how to design a wideband receiver operating in current mode, in which the noise and non-linearity are reduced, implemented in a low cost single chip, using standard CMOS technology. The authors present a solution to remove the transimpedance amplifier (TIA) block and connect directly the mixer’s output to a passive second-order continuous-time Σ∆ analog to digital converter (ADC), which operates in current-mode. These techniques enable the reduction of area, power consumption, and cost in modern CMOS receivers.

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• Anti-Jamming Transmissions in Cognitive Radio Networks

  • Liang Xiao

  • 76 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This SpringerBrief examines anti-jamming transmissions in cognitive radio networks (CRNs), including several recent related research topics within this field. The author introduces the transmissions based on uncoordinated spread spectrum to address smart jammers in CRNs. The author applies game theory to investigate the interactions between secondary users and jammers while providing game theoretic solutions to suppress jamming incentives in CRNs. Later chapters evaluate the Nash equilibrium and Stackelberg equilibrium of the jamming games under various network scenarios. Professionals and researchers working in networks, wireless communications and information technology will find Anti-Jamming Transmissions in Cognitive Radio Networks valuable material as a reference. Advanced-level students studying electrical engineering and computer science will also find this brief a useful tool.

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• Analytic Curve Frequency-Sweeping Stability Tests for Systems with Commensurate Delays

  • Xu-Guang Li

  In this brief the authors establish a new frequency-sweeping framework to solve the complete stability problem for time-delay systems with commensurate delays. The text describes an analytic curve perspective which allows a deeper understanding of spectral properties focusing on the asymptotic behavior of the characteristic roots located on the imaginary axis as well as on properties invariant with respect to the delay parameters. This asymptotic behavior is shown to be related by another novel concept, the dual Puiseux series which helps make frequency-sweeping curves useful in the study of general time-delay systems. The comparison of Puiseux and dual Puiseux series leads to three important results: an explicit function of the number of unstable roots simplifying analysis and design of time-delay systems so that to some degree they may be dealt with as finite-dimensional systems; categorization of all time-delay systems into three types according to their ultimate stability properties; and a simple frequency-sweeping criterion allowing asymptotic behavior analysis of critical imaginary roots for all positive critical delays by observation. Academic researchers and graduate students interested in time-delay systems and practitioners working in a variety of fields - engineering, economics and the life sciences involving transfer of materials, energy or information which are inherently non-instantaneous, will find the results presented here useful in tackling some of the complicated problems posed by delays

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• Speech Enhancement in the STFT Domain

  • Jacob Benesty

  • 109 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  We divide the general problem into five basic categories depending on the number of microphones being used and whether the interframe or interband correlation is considered.

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• ICT Development for Social and Rural Connectedness

  • Nor Aziah Alias

  • 46 stránok
  • 2 hodiny čítania

  ICT Development for Social and Rural Connectedness provides an introduction to the concept of 'connectedness', and explores how this socio-psychological term has evolved during the age of the Internet. The book surveys the principles of ICT for development (ICTD), and closely examines how ICT has played a pivotal role in the rural community development of various countries. To highlight the continued benefits of ICT in these regions, the book presents an in-depth case study that analyzes the connectedness within the rural internet centers of Malaysia. The book is intended primarily for researchers and practitioners as a reference guide to ICTD in rural environments.

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• Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks

  • Zhe Wang

  This Springer Brief investigates spectrum sharing with limited channel feedback in various cognitive radio systems, such as point-to-point, broadcast scheduling and ad-hoc networks. The design aim is to optimally allocate the secondary resources to improve the throughput of secondary users while maintaining a certain quality of service for primary users. The analytical results of optimal resource allocation are derived via optimization theory and are verified by the numerical results. The results demonstrate the secondary performance is significantly improved by limited feedback and is further improved by more feedback bits, more secondary receivers and more primary side information.

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• Permittivity and Permeability Tensors for Cloaking Applications

  • Balamati Choudhury

  • 71 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This book is focused on derivations of analytical expressions for stealth and cloaking applications. An optimal version of electromagnetic (EM) stealth is the design of invisibility cloak of arbitrary shapes in which the EM waves can be controlled within the cloaking shell by introducing a prescribed spatial variation in the constitutive parameters. The promising challenge in design of invisibility cloaks lies in the determination of permittivity and permeability tensors for all the layers. This book provides the detailed derivation of analytical expressions of the permittivity and permeability tensors for various quadric surfaces within the eleven Eisenhart co-ordinate systems. These include the cylinders and the surfaces of revolutions. The analytical modeling and spatial metric for each of these surfaces are provided along with their tensors. This mathematical formulation will help the EM designers to analyze and design of various quadratics and their hybrids, which can eventually lead to design of cloaking shells of arbitrary shapes.

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• VLSI Design: A Practical Guide for FPGA and ASIC Implementations

  • Vikram Arkalgud Chandrasetty

  • 106 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This book provides insight into the practical design of VLSI circuits. It is aimed at novice VLSI designers and other enthusiasts who would like to understand VLSI design flows. Coverage includes key concepts in CMOS digital design, design of DSP and communication blocks on FPGAs, ASIC front end and physical design, and analog and mixed signal design. The approach is designed to focus on practical implementation of key elements of the VLSI design process, in order to make the topic accessible to novices. The design concepts are demonstrated using software from Mathworks, Xilinx, Mentor Graphics, Synopsys and Cadence.

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• RCS Estimation of Linear and Planar Dipole Phased Arrays: Approximate Model

  • Hema Singh

  • 68 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  In this book, the RCS of a parallel-fed linear and planar dipole array is derived using an approximate method. The signal propagation within the phased array system determines the radar cross section (RCS) of phased array. The reflection and transmission coefficients for a signal at different levels of the phased-in scattering array system depend on the impedance mismatch and the design parameters. Moreover the mutual coupling effect in between the antenna elements is an important factor. A phased array system comprises of radiating elements followed by phase shifters, couplers, and terminating load impedance. These components lead to respective impedances towards the incoming signal that travels through them before reaching receive port of the array system. In this book, the RCS is approximated in terms of array factor, neglecting the phase terms. The mutual coupling effect is taken into account. The dependence of the RCS pattern on the design parameters is analyzed. The approximate model is established as an efficient method for RCS estimation of phased arrays. This book presents a detailed formulation of approximate method to determine RCS of phased arrays, which is explained using schematics and illustrations. This book should help the reader understand the impinging signal path and its reflections/transmissions within the phased array system.

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• Common Rail System for GDI Engines

  • Giovanni Fiengo

  Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the control algorithm in regulating the mean-value rail pressure independently from engine working conditions (engine speed and time of injection) with limited design effort.

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• Trust for Intelligent Recommendation

  • Touhid Bhuiyan

  • 119 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  For times when reliable explicit trust data is not available, this book outlines a new method called SimTrust for developing trust networks based on a user's interest similarity.

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• Spectrum Sharing for Wireless Communications

  • ChunSheng Xin

  • 76 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This SpringerBrief presents intelligent spectrum sharing technologies for future wireless communication systems. It explains the widely used opportunistic spectrum access and TV white space sharing, which has been approved by the FCC. Four new technologies to significantly increase the efficiency of spectrum sharing are also introduced. The four technologies presented are Dynamic Spectrum Co-Access, Incentivized Cooperative Spectrum Sharing, On-Demand Spectrum Sharing and Licensed Shared Spectrum Access. These technologies shed light on future wireless communication systems and pave the way for innovative spectrum sharing with increased spectrum utilization. Increased utilization will allow networks to meet the demand for radio spectrum and promote the growth of wireless industry and national economy. Spectrum Sharing is a valuable resource for researchers and professionals working in wireless communications. Advanced-level students in electrical engineering and computer science will also find this content helpful as a study guide.

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• Applications and markets for cooperating objects

  • Stamatis Karnouskos

  • 136 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  This book provides an overview and an insight in cooperative objects and defines the classification of topics into the different areas. A significant number of researchers and industrial partners were contacted in order to prepare the roadmap. The book presents of the main results provided by the corresponding European project „CONET“.

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• EM Design and Analysis of Dipole Arrays on Non-planar Dielectric Substrate

  • Hema Singh

  • 96 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This book presents a simple and systematic description of EM design of antenna arrays. Printed dipole antennas are known to be simple yet more efficient than wire antennas. The dielectric substrate and the presence of ground plane affect the antenna performance and the resonant frequency is shifted. This book includes the EM design and performance analysis of printed dipole arrays on planar and cylindrical substrates. The antenna element is taken as half-wave centre-fed dipole. The substrate is taken as low-loss dielectric. The effect of substrate material, ground plane, and the curvature effect is discussed. Results are presented for both the linear and planar dipole arrays. The performance of dipole array is analyzed in terms of input impedance, return loss, and radiation pattern for different configurations. The effect of curved platform (substrate and ground plane) on the radiation behaviour of dipole array is analyzed. The book explains fundamentals of EM design and analysis of dipole antenna array through numerous illustrations. It is essentially a step-to-step guide for beginners in the field of antenna array design and engineering.

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• Game Theoretic Approaches for Spectrum Redistribution

  • Fan Wu

  • 112 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  Focusing on the challenges of spectrum allocation in wireless networks, this brief employs a game-theoretic approach where rational nodes pursue individual objectives. It systematically examines methods to achieve equilibrium states for optimal system performance. The author offers a tutorial on game theory and discusses channel allocation in both clique and multi-hop networks, addressing the complexities of dynamic channel redistribution. With a blend of theoretical insights and practical guidance, the content serves researchers and advanced students in game theory and wireless communications.

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• Terahertz Antenna Technology for Space Applications

  • Balamati Choudhury

  • 49 stránok
  • 2 hodiny čítania

  This book explores the terahertz antenna technology towards implementation of compact, consistent and cheap terahertz sources, as well as the high sensitivity terahertz detectors. The terahertz EM band provides a transition between the electronic and the photonic regions thus adopting important characteristics from these regimes. These characteristics, along with the progress in semiconductor technology, have enabled researchers to exploit hitherto unexplored domains including satellite communication, bio-medical imaging, and security systems. The advances in new materials and nanostructures such as graphene will be helpful in miniaturization of antenna technology while simultaneously maintaining the desired output levels. Terahertz antenna characterization of bandwidth, impedance, polarization, etc. has not yet been methodically structured and it continues to be a major research challenge. This book addresses these issues besides including the advances of terahertz technology in space applications worldwide, along with possibilities of using this technology in deep space networks.

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• Evolution of Smart Grids

  • Zubair Fadlullah

  • 108 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This SpringerBrief explores the opportunities and challenges posed by the smart grid. The evolution of the smart grid should allow consumers to directly communicate with their utility provider. However, complex issues such as architecture with legacy support, varying demand response and load management, varying price of power, and so forth can lead to various decision making challenges. It is essential to identify the scope and challenges of the smart grid in a comprehensive manner so as to ensure efficient delivery of sustainable, economic, and secure electricity supplies. This book provides an overview of the smart grid and its key advances in architecture, distribution management, demand-side response and load balancing, smart automation, electric storage, power loss minimization and security. Readers interested in a basic knowledge of electric grid and communication networks will find Evolution of Smart Grids useful.  Readers who want more insight on smart grid research will also find this book a valuable resource. 

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• Signal Processing Approaches to Secure Physical Layer Communications in Multi-Antenna Wireless Systems

  • Peter Kien-hong Yu

  • 148 stránok
  • 6 hodin čítania

  4,0(1)Ohodnotiť

  

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• Reliability and Availability of Quality Control Based on Wavelet Computer Vision

  • Ivica Kuzmanic

  • 76 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This short book presents a framework for assessing the reliability and availability of visual quality control systems, placing particular emphasis on wavelet-based analysis. It presents experimental results pertaining to the sensitivity of visual quality control to noise, as an example of dependencies. The influencing parameters are analyzed and included in the reliability model. These parameters are divided between the software and the hardware group, with one condition representing a combination of software and hardware, and another representing a combination of hardware and environmental conditions. In closing, the book suggests potential alternative approaches and examines system availability and reliability models, as well as calculations of their solutions.

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• Cognitive MAC Designs for OSA Networks

  • Mahsa Derakhshani

  • 107 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This SpringerBrief presents recent advances in the cognitive MAC designs for opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) networks. It covers the basic MAC functionalities and MAC enhancements of IEEE 802.11. Later chapters discuss the existing MAC protocols for OSA and classify them based on characteristic features. The authors provide new research in adaptive carrier sensing-based MAC designs tailored for OSA, which optimize spectrum utilization and ensure a peaceful coexistence of licensed and unlicensed systems. Analytically devised via optimization and game-theoretic approaches, these adaptive MAC designs are shown to effectively reduce collisions between both primary and secondary network users. Researchers and professionals working in wireless communications and networks will find this content valuable. This brief is also a useful study guide for advanced-level students in computer science and electrical engineering.

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• Resilient Wireless Sensor Networks

  The Case of Network Coding

  • Osameh Al-Kofahi

  • 80 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This Springer Brief introduces wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and the need for resilient WSN operations in application domains. It presents traditional approaches of providing resilient operation of WSNs to ensure continuity of data delivery even when some network sensors fail. The pros and cons of each these approaches are discussed. Also included is an overview of network coding basics, and motivate the use of network coding-based protection in order to combine the advantages, but avoid the disadvantages of the traditional approaches. The authors cover the design and analysis of a centralized approach to network coding-based protection of WSNs. The coverage also includes practical and realistic network situations, and the coding strategies employed. Next discussed is how to recover from data losses using a distributed approach, which is more practical for large scale WSNs. Algorithms for scheduling of transmissions while implementing network coding-based in the two cases of using digital network coding, and analog network coding are covered. Resilient Wireless Sensor Networks includes a concise, but an in-depth coverage of the use of network coding to implement agile and resource efficient protection in WSNs. It will be of interest to professionals and researchers working in the areas of fault tolerance, network coding, and deployment of WSNs in harsh environment. Advanced-level students in electrical engineering and computer science will also find this research valuable as a reference

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• Spectrum Trading in Multi-Hop Cognitive Radio Networks

  • Miao Pan

  • 72 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This SpringerBrief focuses on spectrum trading designs in multi-hop cognitive radio networks. It starts with the motivation for spectrum trading and the review of existing spectrum trading designs. Then, it presents a novel CRN architecture for spectrum trading considering spectrum trading’s economic features and wireless nature. Under this network architecture, it extends current single-hop per-user based spectrum trading design into a multi-hop transmission opportunity based one, and further into a session based one, while having economic properties guaranteed. This SpringerBrief not only provides a good review of current spectrum trading designs, it also touches on the cutting-edge interdisciplinary spectrum trading research on disparate fields of modeling, network architecture design, optimization theories, statistics, and economic theories. Advanced-level students studying computer science, electrical and computer engineering and economics, wireless network planners, and wireless spectrum engineers will find this book a useful tool.

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• Device-Free Object Tracking Using Passive Tags

  • Jinsong Han

  • 68 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This SpringerBrief examines the use of cheap commercial passive RFID tags to achieve accurate device-free object-tracking. It presents a sensitive detector, named Twins, which uses a pair of adjacent passive tags to detect uncooperative targets (such as intruders). Twins leverages a newly observed phenomenon called critical state that is caused by interference among passive tags. The author expands on the previous object tracking methods, which are mostly device-based, and reveals a new interference model and their extensive experiments for validation. A prototype implementation of the Twins-based intrusion detection scheme with commercial off-the-shelf reader and tags is also covered in this SpringerBrief. Device-Free Object Tracking Using Passive Tags is designed for researchers and professionals interested in smart sensing, localization, RFID and Internet of Things applications. The content is also useful for advanced-level students studying electrical engineering and computer science.

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• Proactive Data Mining with Decision Trees

  • Shahar Cohen

  • 100 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  3,4(5)Ohodnotiť

  This book explores a proactive and domain-driven method to classification tasks. This novel proactive approach to data mining not only induces a model for predicting or explaining a phenomenon, but also utilizes specific problem/domain knowledge to suggest specific actions to achieve optimal changes in the value of the target attribute. In particular, the authors suggest a specific implementation of the domain-driven proactive approach for classification trees. The book centers on the core idea of moving observations from one branch of the tree to another. It introduces a novel splitting criterion for decision trees, termed maximal-utility, which maximizes the potential for enhancing profitability in the output tree. Two real-world case studies, one of a leading wireless operator and the other of a major security company, are also included and demonstrate how applying the proactive approach to classification tasks can solve business problems. Proactive Data Mining with Decision Trees is intended for researchers, practitioners and advanced-level students.

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• Chinese handwriting recognition

  • Tonghua Su

  Designing machines that can read handwriting like humans has been a goal for over fifty years, leading researchers to explore various approaches. While many obstacles have been overcome, some challenges remain. Chinese handwriting recognition is particularly difficult due to significant stroke variations, diverse writing styles, and a large number of confusable categories. Researchers have developed sophisticated algorithms to differentiate characters and address sample variations, resulting in substantial advancements in this field. The book introduces essential algorithms and applications in Chinese handwriting recognition. The first part covers both widely used canonical algorithms and newly developed scalable methods, systematically presenting the recognition of Chinese handwritten text. It includes guidelines for sample collection, novel recognition paradigms, distributed discriminative learning of appearance models, and contextual model estimation for large categories, highlighting celebrated methods like Gradient features, MQDF, and HMMs. The second part focuses on creating a more user-friendly human-machine interface through Chinese handwriting recognition, exemplified by four scenarios: grid-assisted input, shortest moving input, handwritten micro-blog, and instant handwriting messenger. The book progresses from basic to complex approaches and provides a reading list with literature comments.

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• Security Challenges and Approaches in Internet of Things

  • Sridipta Misra

  • 116 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  This book provides a comprehensive survey of the security and privacy research advancements in Internet of Things (IoT). The book lays the context for the discussion by introducing a system model for IoT. Since IoT is very varied and has been introduced in many different contexts, the system model introduced plays a crucial role in integrating the concepts into a coherent framework. After the system model, the book introduces the vulnerable features of the IoT. By providing a comprehensive discussion of the vulnerable features, the book highlights the problem areas of IoT that should be studied concerning security and privacy. Using the vulnerable features as a motivation, the book presents a vast survey of existing security and privacy approaches for IoT. The survey is a good way for the reader to pick up interesting directions of research that have already been explored and also hints at directions that could take additional investigation. Finally, the book presents four case studies that provide a detailed view of how some of the security and privacy concerns are addressed in specific problem areas.

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• LabVIEW based Automation Guide for Microwave Measurements

  • Satya Kesh Dubey

  • 45 stránok
  • 2 hodiny čítania

  The book is focused on measurement automation, specifically using the LabView tool. It explains basic measurements in a simplified manner with appropriate step-by-step explanations and discussions of instrument capabilities. It touches upon aspects of measurement science, microwave measurements and software development for measurement. The book can be used as a guide by technicians, researchers and scientists involved in metrology laboratories to automate measurements. The book explains the development process for automation of measurement systems for every step of the software development lifecycle. It covers system design and automation policy creation. The book uses a top-down approach which enables the reader to relate their own problems and develop a system with their own analysis. The book includes many examples, illustrations, flowcharts, measurement results and screenshots of a worked-out automation software for microwave measurement. The book includes discussions on microwave measurements-attenuation, microwave power and E-field strength. The contents of this book will be of interest to students, researchers and scientists working in the field of electromagnetism, antennas, communication and electromagnetic interference/electromagnetic compatibility (EMI/EMC).

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• Active Cancellation of Probing in Linear Dipole Phased Array

  • Hema Singh

  • 80 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  

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• Visual Quality Assessment by Machine Learning

  • Long Xu

  • 148 stránok
  • 6 hodin čítania

  3,0(1)Ohodnotiť

  The book encompasses the state-of-the-art visual quality assessment (VQA) and learning based visual quality assessment (LB-VQA) by providing a comprehensive overview of the existing relevant methods. It delivers the readers the basic knowledge, systematic overview and new development of VQA. It also encompasses the preliminary knowledge of Machine Learning (ML) to VQA tasks and newly developed ML techniques for the purpose. Hence, firstly, it is particularly helpful to the beginner-readers (including research students) to enter into VQA field in general and LB-VQA one in particular. Secondly, new development in VQA and LB-VQA particularly are detailed in this book, which will give peer researchers and engineers new insights in VQA.

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• Internet of Things for Smart Cities

  Technologies, Big Data and Security

  • Waleed Ejaz

  • 82 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  2,0(5)Ohodnotiť

  Chapter 1.Internet of Things for Smart Cities: Overview and Key Challenges.- Chapter 2.Communication Technologies and Protocols for Internet of Things.- Chapter 3.Big Data in IoT: Processing, Storage, and Analytics.- Chapter 4.Internet of Things enabled Electric Vehicles in Smart Cities.- Chapter 5.Blockchain Technology for Security and Privacy in Internet of Things.

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• Game-theoretic Interference Coordination Approaches for Dynamic Spectrum Access

  • Yuhua Xu

  • 108 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  Written by experts in the field, this book is based on recent research findings in dynamic spectrum access for cognitive radio networks. It establishes a game-theoretic framework and presents cutting-edge technologies for distributed interference coordination. With game-theoretic formulation and the designed distributed learning algorithms, it provides insights into the interactions between multiple decision-makers and the converging stable states. Researchers, scientists and engineers in the field of cognitive radio networks will benefit from the book, which provides valuable information, useful methods and practical algorithms for use in emerging 5G wireless communication.

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• Radar Cross Section of Dipole Phased Arrays with Parallel Feed Network

  • Hema Singh

  • 88 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  

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• Designing a New Class of Distributed Systems

  • Rao Mikkilineni

  Designing a New Class of Distributed Systems closely examines the Distributed Intelligent Managed Element (DIME) Computing Model, a new model for distributed systems, and provides a guide to implementing Distributed Managed Workflows with High Reliability, Availability, Performance and Security. The book also explores the viability of self-optimizing, self-monitoring autonomous DIME-based computing systems. Designing a New Class of Distributed Systems is designed for practitioners as a reference guide for innovative distributed systems design. Researchers working in a related field will also find this book valuable.

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• Flocking and Rendezvous in Distributed Robotics

  • Bruce A. Francis

  • 115 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  This brief describes the coordinated control of groups of robots using only sensory input – and no direct external commands. Furthermore, each robot employs the same local strategy, i.e., there are no leaders, and the text also deals with decentralized control, allowing for cases in which no single robot can sense all the others. One can get intuition for the problem from the natural world, for example, flocking birds. How do they achieve and maintain their flying formation? Recognizing their importance as the most basic coordination tasks for mobile robot networks, the brief details flocking and rendezvous. They are shown to be physical illustrations of emergent behaviors with global consensus arising from local interactions. The authors extend the consideration of these fundamental ideas to describe their operation in flying robots and prompt readers to pursue further research in the field. Flocking and Rendezvous in Distributed Robotics will provide graduate students a firm grounding in the subject, while also offering an authoritative reference work for more experienced workers seeking a brief but thorough treatment of an area that has rapidly gained in interest.

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• MotionCast for Mobile Wireless Networks

  • Xinbing Wang

  • 112 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  Focusing on mobile ad-hoc networks, the book explores the concept of "MotionCast" for analyzing multicast capacity in environments lacking communication infrastructure. It introduces a novel (k;m)-connectivity model and derives critical transmission ranges for various mobility scenarios. Additionally, the text addresses connectivity challenges in both mobile and static contexts, while offering a comprehensive survey of capacity scaling research, making it a valuable resource for understanding advancements in this field.

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• Structural Processing for Wireless Communications

  • Jianhua Lu

  This brief presents an alternative viewpoint on processing technology for wireless communications based on recent research advances. As a lever in emerging processing technology, the structure perspective addresses the complexity and uncertainty issues found in current wireless applications. Likewise, this brief aims at providing a new prospective to the development of communication technology and information science, while stimulating new theories and technologies for wireless systems with ever-increasing complexity. Readers of this brief may range from graduate students to researchers in related fields.

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• Bayesian Prediction and Adaptive Sampling Algorithms for Mobile Sensor Networks

  Online Environmental Field Reconstruction in Space and Time

  • Yunfei Xu

  

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• Distributed Systems with Persistent Memory

  Control and Moment Problems

  • Luciano Pandolfi

  • 164 stránok
  • 6 hodin čítania

  The subject of the book includes the study of control problems for systems which are encountered in viscoelasticity, non-Fickian diffusion and thermodynamic with memory. The common feature of these systems is that memory of the whole past history persists in the future. This class of systems is actively studied now, as documented in the recent book. This book will attract a diversified audience, in particular, engineers working on distributed systems, and applied mathematicians. Background of mathematics are the elements of functional analysis, which is now standard among people working on distributed systems, and the author describes very clearly the instruments which are used at every step.

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• A study on radio access technology selection algorithms

  • Leijia Wu

  This book discusses the basic idea of Common Radio Resource Management (CRRM), especially on the Radio Access Technologies selection part of CRRM. It introduces two interaction functions (information reporting function and RRM decision support function) and four interaction degrees (from low to very high) of CRRM. Four possible CRRM topologies (CRRM server, integrated CRRM, Hierarchical CRRM, and CRRM in user terminals) are described. The book presents different Radio Access Technologies selection algorithms, including single criterion and multiple criteria based algorithms are presented and compares them. Finally, the book analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the different selection algorithms.

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• Dynamic Spectrum Access for Wireless Networks

  • Danda B. Rawat

  • 69 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This SpringerBrief presents adaptive resource allocation schemes for secondary users for dynamic spectrum access (DSA) in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) by considering Quality-of-Service requirements, admission control, power/rate control, interference constraints, and the impact of spectrum sensing or primary user interruptions. It presents the challenges, motivations, and applications of the different schemes. The authors discuss cloud-assisted geolocation-aware adaptive resource allocation in CRNs by outsourcing computationally intensive processing to the cloud. Game theoretic approaches are presented to solve resource allocation problems in CRNs. Numerical results are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed methods. Adaptive Resource Allocation in Cognitive Radio Networks is designed for professionals and researchers working in the area of wireless networks. Advanced-level students in electrical engineering and computer science, especially those focused on wireless networks, will find this information helpful.

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• Semi-Blind Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation and Channel Equalization

  • Yufei Jiang

  • 100 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This SpringerBrief investigates the performance of semi-blind independent component analysis (ICA) based equalization and carrier frequency offset estimation approaches (CFO) for a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based wireless communication systems. It provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges of channel equalization and frequency synchronization for different wireless systems.The authors present the wireless communication channel and system models. Key existing CFO estimation methods are reviewed, along with a number of the training based and non-training based (blind) channel estimation methods. This is followed by a study of ICA and its applications to OFDM-based wireless communication systems. Later chapters provide a detailed description of recent research on semi-blind CFO estimation and ICA based equalization approaches for various wireless communication systems including multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) OFDM and coordinated multipoint (CoMP) systems.Semi-blind CFO estimation and equalization structures provide a spectrum-efficient and high-performance solution for high speed wireless communications. This book is suitable for postgraduate students, researchers or professionals in the area of wireless communications.

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• Cooperative Vehicular Communications in the Drive-thru Internet

  • Haibo Zhou

  • 75 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This brief presents a unified analytical framework for the evaluation of drive-thru Internet performance and accordingly proposes an optimal spatial access control management approach. A comprehensive overview and in-depth discussion of the research literature is included. It summarizes the main concepts and methods, and highlights future research directions. The brief also introduces a novel cooperative vehicular communication framework together with a delicate linear cluster formation scheme and low-delay content forwarding approach to provide a flexible and efficient vehicular content distribution in the drive-thru Internet. The presented medium access control and vehicular content distribution related research results in this brief provide useful insights for the design approach of Wi-Fi enabled vehicular communications and it motivates a new line of thinking for the performance enhancements of future vehicular networking. Advanced-level students, researchers and professionals interested in vehicular networks or coordinated network sharing will find Cooperative Vehicular Communications in the Drive-thru Internet a valuable reference.

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• Database of Piano Chords

  • Ana M. Barbancho

  • 64 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  Database of Piano Chords: An Engineering View of Harmony includes a unique database of piano chords developed exclusively for music research purposes, and outlines the key advantages to using this dataset to further one’s research. The book also describes the physical bases of the occidental music chords and the influence used in the detection and transcription of the music, enabling researchers to intimately understand the construction of each occidental chord. The online database contains more than 275,000 chords with different degrees of polyphony and with different playing styles. Together, the database and the book are an invaluable tool for researchers in this field.

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• Iris Image Recognition

  Wavelet Filter-banks Based Iris Feature Extraction Schemes

  • Amol D. Rahulkar

  • 100 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This book provides the new results in wavelet filter banks based feature extraction, and the classifier in the field of iris image recognition. It provides the broad treatment on the design of separable, non-separable wavelets filter banks, and the classifier. The design techniques presented in the book are applied on iris image analysis for person authentication. This book also brings together the three strands of research (wavelets, iris image analysis and classifier). It compares the performance of the presented techniques with state-of-the-art available schemes. This book contains the compilation of basic material on the design of wavelets that avoids reading many different books. Therefore, it provides an easier path for the new-comers, researchers to master the contents. In addition, the designed filter banks and classifier can also be effectively used than existing filter-banks in many signal processing applications like pattern classification, data-compression, watermarking, denoising etc. that will give the new directions of the research in the relevant field for the readers.

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• Brain-Computer Interface Research

  A State-of-the-Art Summary

  • Christoph Guger

  4,0(6)Ohodnotiť

  Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are rapidly developing into a mainstream, worldwide research endeavor. With so many new groups and projects, it can be difficult to identify the best ones. This book summarizes ten leading projects from around the world. About 60 submissions were received in 2011 for the highly competitive BCI Research Award, and an international jury selected the top ten. This Brief gives a concise but carefully illustrated and fully up-to-date description of each of these projects, together with an introduction and concluding chapter by the editors.

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• A Rapid Introduction to Adaptive Filtering

  • Leonardo Rey Vega

  4,0(1)Ohodnotiť

  In this book, the authors provide insights into the basics of adaptive filtering, which are particularly useful for students taking their first steps into this field. They start by studying the problem of minimum mean-square-error filtering, i.e., Wiener filtering. Then, they analyze iterative methods for solving the optimization problem, e.g., the Method of Steepest Descent. By proposing stochastic approximations, several basic adaptive algorithms are derived, including Least Mean Squares (LMS), Normalized Least Mean Squares (NLMS) and Sign-error algorithms. The authors provide a general framework to study the stability and steady-state performance of these algorithms. The affine Projection Algorithm (APA) which provides faster convergence at the expense of computational complexity (although fast implementations can be used) is also presented. In addition, the Least Squares (LS) method and its recursive version (RLS), including fast implementations are discussed. The book closes with the discussion of several topics of interest in the adaptive filtering field.

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• Opportunistic Spectrum Utilization in Vehicular Communication Networks

  • Nan Cheng

  • 75 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This brief examines current research on improving Vehicular Networks (VANETs), examining spectrum scarcity due to the dramatic growth of mobile data traffic and the limited bandwidth of dedicated vehicular communication bands and the use of opportunistic spectrum bands to mitigate congestion. It reviews existing literature on the use of opportunistic spectrum bands for VANETs, including licensed and unlicensed spectrum bands and a variety of related technologies, such as cognitive radio, WiFi and device-to-device communications. Focused on analyzing spectrum characteristics, designing efficient spectrum exploitation schemes, and evaluating the date delivery performance when utilizing different opportunistic spectrum bands, the results presented in this brief provide valuable insights on improving the design and deployment of future VANETs.

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• Stochastic Petri Nets for Wireless Networks

  • Lei Lei

  • 115 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  This SpringerBrief presents research in the application of Stochastic Petri Nets (SPN) to the performance evaluation of wireless networks under bursty traffic. It covers typical Quality-of-Service performance metrics such as mean throughput, average delay and packet dropping probability. Along with an introduction of SPN basics, the authors introduce the key motivation and challenges of using SPN to analyze the resource sharing performance in wireless networks. The authors explain two powerful modeling techniques that treat the well-known state space explosion problem: model decomposition and iteration, and model aggregation using stochastic high-level petri nets. The first technique assists in performance analysis of opportunistic scheduling, Device-to-Device communications with full frequency reuse and partial frequency reuse. The second technique is used to formulate a wireless channel mode for cross-layer performance analysis in OFDM system. Stochastic Petri Nets for Wireless Networks reveals useful insights for the design of radio resource management algorithms and a new line of thinking for the performance evaluation of future wireless networks. This material is valuable as a reference for researchers and professionals working in wireless networks and for advanced-level students studying wireless technologies in electrical engineering or computer science.

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• Geometrical Methods for Power Network Analysis

  • Stefano Bellucci

  This book is a short introduction to power system planning and operation using advanced geometrical methods. The approach is based on well-known insights and techniques developed in theoretical physics in the context of Riemannian manifolds. The proof of principle and robustness of this approach is examined in the context of the IEEE 5 bus system. This work addresses applied mathematicians, theoretical physicists and power engineers interested in novel mathematical approaches to power network theory.

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• Cognitive Wireless Networks

  • Zhiyong Feng

  • 140 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  This brief examines the current research in cognitive wireless networks (CWNs). Along with a review of challenges in CWNs, this brief presents novel theoretical studies and architecture models for CWNs, advances in the cognitive information awareness and delivery, and intelligent resource management technologies. The brief presents the motivations and concepts of CWNs, including theoretical studies of temporal and geographic distribution entropy as well as cognitive information metrics. A new architecture model of CWNs is proposed with theoretical, functional and deployment architectures supporting cognitive information flow and resource flow. Key technologies are identified to achieve the efficient cognitive information awareness and delivery. The brief concludes by validating the effectiveness of proposed theories and technologies using the CWNs testbed and discussing the importance of standardization practices. The context and analysis provided by this text are ideal for researchers and practitioners interested in wireless networks and cognitive information. Cognitive Wireless Networks is also valuable for advanced-level students studying resource management and networking.

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• From scientific instrument to industrial machine

  • Richard Doornbos

  4,0(1)Ohodnotiť

  Architectural stress is the inability of a system design to respond to new market demands. It is an important yet often concealed issue in high tech systems. In this book, the authors look at the phenomenon of architectural stress in embedded systems in the context of a transmission electron microscope system built by FEI Company.

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• A Conceptual Framework for Noise Reduction

  • Jacob Benesty

  • 97 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  Though noise reduction and speech enhancement problems have been studied for at least five decades, advances in our understanding and the development of reliable algorithms are more important than ever, as they support the design of tailored solutions for clearly defined applications. In this work, the authors propose a conceptual framework that can be applied to the many different aspects of noise reduction, offering a uniform approach to monaural and binaural noise reduction problems, in the time domain and in the frequency domain, and involving a single or multiple microphones. Moreover, the derivation of optimal filters is simplified, as are the performance measures used for their evaluation.

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• Blind Source Separation

  • Yong Xiang

  • 108 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This book provides readers a complete and self-contained set of knowledge about dependent source separation, including the latest development in this field. The book gives an overview on blind source separation where three promising blind separation techniques that can tackle mutually correlated sources are presented. The book further focuses on the non-negativity based methods, the time-frequency analysis based methods, and the pre-coding based methods, respectively.

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• Network reliability and resilience

  • Ilʹja B. Gercbach

  This book is devoted to the probabilistic description of the behavior of a network in the process of random removal of its components (links, nodes) appearing as a result of technical failures, natural disasters or intentional attacks. It is focused on a practical approach to network reliability and resilience evaluation, based on applications of Monte Carlo methodology to numerical approximation of network combinatorial invariants, including so-called multidimensional destruction spectra. This allows to develop a probabilistic follow-up analysis of the network in the process of its gradual destruction, to identify most important network components and to develop efficient heuristic algorithms for network optimal design. Our methodology works with satisfactory accuracy and efficiency for most applications of reliability theory to real –life problems in networks.

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• Scattering Cross Section of Unequal Length Dipole Arrays

  • Hema Singh

  • 62 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This book presents a detailed and systematic analytical treatment of scattering by an arbitrary dipole array configuration with unequal-length dipoles, different inter-element spacing and load impedance. It provides a physical interpretation of the scattering phenomena within the phased array system. The antenna radar cross section (RCS) depends on the field scattered by the antenna towards the receiver. It has two components, viz. structural RCS and antenna mode RCS. The latter component dominates the former, especially if the antenna is mounted on a low observable platform. The reduction in the scattering due to the presence of antennas on the surface is one of the concerns towards stealth technology. In order to achieve this objective, a detailed and accurate analysis of antenna mode scattering is required. In practical phased array, one cannot ignore the finite dimensions of antenna elements, coupling effect and the role of feed network while estimating the antenna RCS. This book presents the RCS estimation of an array with unequal-length dipoles. The signal reflections within the antenna system and the mutual coupling effect are considered to arrive at the total RCS for series and parallel feed. The computations are valid for any arbitrary array configurations, including side-by-side arrangement, parallel-in-echelon, etc.

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• PBG based Terahertz Antenna for Aerospace Applications

  • Balamati Choudhury

  • 76 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This book focuses on high-gain antennas in the terahertz spectrum and their optimization. The terahertz spectrum is an unallocated EM spectrum, which is being explored for a number of applications, especially to meet increasing demands of high data rates for wireless space communications. Space communication systems using the terahertz spectrum can resolve the problems of limited bandwidth of present wireless communications without radio-frequency interference. This book describes design of such high-gain antennas and their performance enhancement using photonic band gap (PBG) substrates. Further, optimization of antenna models using evolutionary algorithm based computational engine has been included. The optimized high-performance compact antenna may be used for various wireless applications, such as inter-orbital communications and on-vehicle satellite communications.

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• Linear Parameter-Varying Control for Engineering Applications

  • Andrew P. White

  • 124 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  The objective of this brief is to carefully illustrate a procedure of applying linear parameter-varying (LPV) control to a class of dynamic systems via a systematic synthesis of gain-scheduling controllers with guaranteed stability and performance. The existing LPV control theories rely on the use of either H-infinity or H2 norm to specify the performance of the LPV system. The challenge that arises with LPV control for engineers is twofold. First, there is no systematic procedure for applying existing LPV control system theory to solve practical engineering problems from modeling to control design. Second, there exists no LPV control synthesis theory to design LPV controllers with hard constraints. For example, physical systems usually have hard constraints on their required performance outputs along with their sensors and actuators. Furthermore, the H-infinity and H2 performance criteria cannot provide hard constraints on system outputs. As a result, engineers in industry could find it difficult to utilize the current LPV methods in practical applications. To address these challenges, gain-scheduling control with engineering applications is covered in detail, including the LPV modeling, the control problem formulation, and the LPV system performance specification. In addition, a new performance specification is considered which is capable of providing LPV control design with hard constraints on system outputs. The LPV design and control synthesis procedures in this brief are illustrated through an engine air-to-fuel ratio control system, an engine variable valve timing control system, and an LPV control design example with hard constraints. After reading this brief, the reader will be able to apply a collection of LPV control synthesis techniques to design gain-scheduling controllers for their own engineering applications. This brief provides detailed step-by-step LPV modeling and control design strategies along with a new performance specification so that engineers can apply state-of-the-art LPV control synthesis to solve their own engineering problems. In addition, this brief should serve as a bridge between the H-infinity and H2 control theory and the real-world application of gain-scheduling control

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• Broadcast Design in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks

  • Yi Song

  • 95 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This SpringerBrief investigates the special challenges of broadcast design in cognitive radio (CR) ad hoc networks. It introduces two broadcast protocols in CR ad hoc networks: a quality-of-service based broadcast protocol under blind information and a fully-distributed broadcast protocol with collision avoidance. A novel unified analytical model is also presented to analyze the performance of the broadcast protocols. This is the first book dedicated to the unique broadcast design challenges in CR ad hoc networks. The authors also discuss the recent research on the performance analysis of broadcast protocols. Broadcast Design In Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks is designed for professionals and researchers working in the wireless networks industry. Advanced-level students in electrical engineering and computer science, especially those focused on wireless networks will find this information very valuable.

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• Analysis of Deterministic Cyclic Gene Regulatory Network Models with Delays

  • Mehmet Eren Ahsen

  • 108 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This brief examines a deterministic, ODE-based model for gene regulatory networks (GRN) that incorporates nonlinearities and time-delayed feedback. An introductory chapter provides some insights into molecular biology and GRNs. The mathematical tools necessary for studying the GRN model are then reviewed, in particular Hill functions and Schwarzian derivatives. One chapter is devoted to the analysis of GRNs under negative feedback with time delays and a special case of a homogenous GRN is considered. Asymptotic stability analysis of GRNs under positive feedback is then considered in a separate chapter, in which conditions leading to bi-stability are derived. Graduate and advanced undergraduate students and researchers in control engineering, applied mathematics, systems biology and synthetic biology will find this brief to be a clear and concise introduction to the modeling and analysis of GRNs.

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• Millimeter-Wave Receiver Concepts for 77 GHz Automotive Radar in Silicon-Germanium Technology

  • Dietmar Kissinger

  The book presents the analysis and design of integrated automotive radar receivers in Silicon-Germanium technology, for use in complex multi-channel radar transceiver front-ends in the 77GHz frequency band. The main emphasis of the work is the realization of high-linearity and low-power modular receiver channels as well as the investigation of millimeter-wave integrated test concepts for the receiver front-end.

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• Brain-Computer Interface Research

  A State-of-the-Art Summary 3

  • Christoph Guger

  • 144 stránok
  • 6 hodin čítania

  This book provides a cutting-edge overview of the latest developments in Brain-Computer-Interfaces (BCIs), reported by leading research groups. As the reader will discover, BCI research is moving ahead rapidly, with many new ideas, research initiatives, and improved technologies, e.g. BCIs that enable people to communicate just by thinking – without any movement at all. Several different groups are helping severely disabled users communicate using BCIs, and BCI technology is also being extended to facilitate recovery from stroke, epilepsy, and other conditions. Each year, hundreds of the top BCI scientists, engineers, doctors, and other visionaries compete for the most prestigious honor in the BCI research community: the annual BCI Award. The 2013 BCI Award competition was by far the most competitive, with over 160 research groups vying for a nomination. The chapters of this book summarize the ten projects that were nominated, in particular the winning project, and analyses how these reflect general trends in BCI development. Each project summary includes an introduction, description of methods, results, and also includes newer work completed after the project was entered for the competition. The texts are presented in accessible style with numerous supporting pictures, graphs, and figures.

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• Tautological Control Systems

  • Francesco Bullo

  • 130 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  This brief presents a description of a new modelling framework for nonlinear/geometric control theory. The framework is intended to be—and shown to be—feedback-invariant. As such, Tautological Control Systems provides a platform for understanding fundamental structural problems in geometric control theory. Part of the novelty of the text stems from the variety of regularity classes, e.g., Lipschitz, finitely differentiable, smooth, real analytic, with which it deals in a comprehensive and unified manner. The treatment of the important real analytic class especially reflects recent work on real analytic topologies by the author. Applied mathematicians interested in nonlinear and geometric control theory will find this brief of interest as a starting point for work in which feedback invariance is important. Graduate students working in control theory may also find Tautological Control Systems to be a stimulating starting point for their research.

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• Agent-based Semantic Web Service Composition

  • Sandeep Kumar

  4,0(1)Ohodnotiť

  Agent-based Semantic Web Service Composition closely examines the various aspects of SWS composition, and explores the concept that a Multi-Agent system can serve as an SWS composition system in which its agents can interact with one another to satisfy a high-level goal. In addition to surveying various proposed multi-agent-based SWS composition models, the book also highlights the cognitive parameter-based semantic web service selection models that can be used in multi-agent-based SWS composition, and outlines a new negotiation agreement-based SWS composition that can outperform existing techniques. Agent-based Semantic Web Service Composition is intended for researchers and practitioners as a reference guide for optimizing SWS composition and implementing multi-agent systems. Instructors and other academics working in a related field will also find the book invaluable.

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• The emerging domain of cooperating objects

  • Pedro José Marrón

  There are a number of different system concepts that have gained much relevance in the area of embedded systems over the past couple of years. First, there is the classic concept of embedded systems where the focus is on control systems for physical processes. Secondly, the notion of pervasive computing has evolved, where the vision foresees everyday objects having some form of computation capacity and, in most cases, sensing and communication facilities. Thirdly, the notion of wireless sensor networks has arisen, where small computing devices are able to sense their environment and cooperate in order to achieve a well-defined goal. These three types of quite diverse systems share a lot of commonalities on the one hand and, on the other hand, have some complementary aspects in common that make a combination of these systems into a coherent system vision promising. In particular, the important notions of control, heterogeneity, wireless communication, dynamic and ad-hoc nature and cost are prevalent to various degrees in each of these systems. A future system concept needs to combine the strong points of all three system concepts in at least these functional aspects. It has to provide support for the control of physical processes like today’s embedded systems do, have as good support for device heterogeneity and spontaneity of usage as required by pervasive and ubiquitous computing approaches, and has to be as cost efficient and wirelessly agile as wireless sensor networks are. These new systems consist, therefore, of individual entities or objects that jointly strive to reach a common goal, which will typically be a goal in sensing or control, and are dynamically and loosely federating themselves for cooperation, taking care not to overtax their available resources. This book presents a roadmap to these concepts which are summarized as cooperating objects.

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• Underwater acoustic networking techniques

  • Roald Otnes

  • 96 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This literature study presents an overview of underwater acoustic networking. It provides a background and describes the state of the art of all networking facets that are relevant for underwater applications. This report serves both as an introduction to the subject and as a summary of existing protocols, providing support and inspiration for the development of network architectures.

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• The Emerging Domain of Cooperating Objects

  Definitions and Concepts

  • Pedro José Marrón

  This book provides a classification of current and future applications for the domain of Cooperating Objects. The book has been created with a very strong participation of the industry and taking into account current research trends and industrial roadmaps

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• Anonymization of Electronic Medical Records to Support Clinical Analysis

  • Aris Gkoulalas-Divanis

  • 72 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  Anonymization of Electronic Medical Records to Support Clinical Analysis closely examines the privacy threats that may arise from medical data sharing, and surveys the state-of-the-art methods developed to safeguard data against these threats. To motivate the need for computational methods, the book first explores the main challenges facing the privacy-protection of medical data using the existing policies, practices and regulations. Then, it takes an in-depth look at the popular computational privacy-preserving methods that have been developed for demographic, clinical and genomic data sharing, and closely analyzes the privacy principles behind these methods, as well as the optimization and algorithmic strategies that they employ. Finally, through a series of in-depth case studies that highlight data from the US Census as well as the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, the book outlines a new, innovative class of privacy-preserving methods designed to ensure the integrity of transferred medical data for subsequent analysis, such as discovering or validating associations between clinical and genomic information. Anonymization of Electronic Medical Records to Support Clinical Analysis is intended for professionals as a reference guide for safeguarding the privacy and data integrity of sensitive medical records. Academics and other research scientists will also find the book invaluable.

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• Brain-Computer Interface Research

  A State-of-the-Art Summary 7

  • Christoph Guger

  • 136 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  Each year, the Annual BCI Research Award recognizes the top new projects in brain-computer interface (BCI) research. This book contains summaries of these projects from the 2017 BCI Research Award. Each chapter is written by the group that submitted the BCI project that was nominated, and introduction and discussion chapters provide supporting information and explore trends that are reflected in the annual awards each year. One of the prominent trends in recent years has been BCIs for new patient groups, and many chapters in this book present emerging research directions that might become more prevalent in the near future.   

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• Wireless Next Generation Networks

  A Virtue-Based Trust Model

  • Michael G. Harvey

  • 136 stránok
  • 5 hodin čítania

  This SpringerBrief proposes a trust model motivated by virtue epistemology, addressing the need for a more efficient and flexible trust model for wireless next generation networks. This theory of trust simplifies the computation and communication overhead of strictly cognitive-computational models of trust. Both the advantages and the challenges of virtue-based trust models are discussed. This brief offers new research and a general theory of rationality that enables users to interpret trust and reason as complementary mechanisms that guide our rational conduct at two different epistemic levels. The presented model of human social interaction is designed for the highly dynamic and unstructured environment of the mobile Internet and wireless next generation networks. Wireless Next Generation A Virtue-Based Trust Model targets network engineers, cognitive scientists, AI researchers, philosophers, and social scientists. Advanced-level students studying computer science, electrical engineering and social science will also find the interdisciplinary perspective useful.

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• Multi-hop Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

  • Shalli Rani

  • 80 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This brief provides an overview of recent developments in multi-hop routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). It introduces the various classifications of routing protocols and lists the pros and cons of each category, going beyond the conceptual overview of routing classifications offered in other books. Recently many researchers have proposed numerous multi-hop routing protocols and thereby created a need for a book that provides its readers with an up-to-date road map of this research paradigm. The authors present some of the most relevant results achieved by applying an algorithmic approach to the research on multi-hop routing protocols. The book covers measurements, experiences and lessons learned from the implementation of multi-hop communication prototypes. Furthermore, it describes future research challenges and as such serves as a useful guide for students and researchers alike.

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• Persuasive Recommender Systems

  • Yoo Kyung Lee

  2,5(2)Ohodnotiť

  Whether users are likely to accept the recommendations provided by a recommender system is of utmost importance to system designers and the marketers who implement them. By conceptualizing the advice seeking and giving relationship as a fundamentally social process, important avenues for understanding the persuasiveness of recommender systems open up. Specifically, research regarding influential factors in advice seeking relationships, which is abundant in the context of human-human relationships, can provide an important framework for identifying potential influence factors in recommender system context. This book reviews the existing literature on the factors in advice seeking relationships in the context of human-human, human-computer, and human-recommender system interactions. It concludes that many social cues that have been identified as influential in other contexts have yet to be implemented and tested with respect to recommender systems. Implications for recommender system research and design are discussed.

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• Distributed Embedded Controller Development with Petri Nets

  Application to Globally-Asynchronous Locally-Synchronous Systems

  • Filipe de Carvalho Moutinho

  • 92 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This book describes a model-based development approach for globally-asynchronous locally-synchronous distributed embedded controllers. This approach uses Petri nets as modeling formalism to create platform and network independent models supporting the use of design automation tools. To support this development approach, the Petri nets class in use is extended with time-domains and asynchronous-channels. The authors’ approach uses models not only providing a better understanding of the distributed controller and improving the communication among the stakeholders, but also to be ready to support the entire lifecycle, including the simulation, the verification (using model-checking tools), the implementation (relying on automatic code generators), and the deployment of the distributed controller into specific platforms. Uses a graphical and intuitive modeling formalism supported by design automation tools; Enables verification, ensuring that the distributed controller was correctly specified; Provides flexibility in the implementation and maintenance phases to achieve desired constraints (high performance, low power consumption, reduced costs), enabling porting to different platforms using different communication nodes, without changing the underlying behavioral model.

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• Radio Frequency Propagation Made Easy

  • Saleh Faruque

  • 114 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  5,0(1)Ohodnotiť

  This book introduces Radio Frequency Propagation to a broad audience. The author blends theory and practice to bring readers up-to-date in key concepts, underlying principles and practical applications of wireless communications. The presentation is designed to be easily accessible, minimizing mathematics and maximizing visuals.

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• Advanced Sensing Techniques for Cognitive Radio

  • Haitao Li

  This SpringerBrief investigates advanced sensing techniques to detect and estimate the primary receiver for cognitive radio systems. Along with a comprehensive overview of existing spectrum sensing techniques, this brief focuses on the design of new signal processing techniques, including the region-based sensing, jamming-based probing, and relay-based probing. The proposed sensing techniques aim to detect the nearby primary receiver and estimate the cross-channel gain between the cognitive transmitter and primary receiver. The performance of the proposed algorithms is evaluated by simulations in terms of several performance parameters, including detection probability, interference probability, and estimation error. The results show that the proposed sensing techniques can effectively sense the primary receiver and improve the cognitive transmission throughput. Researchers and postgraduate students in electrical engineering will find this an exceptional resource

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• Human Action Analysis with Randomized Trees

  • Gang Yu

  • 92 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This book will provide a comprehensive overview on human action analysis with randomized trees. It will cover both the supervised random trees and the unsupervised random trees. When there are sufficient amount of labeled data available, supervised random trees provides a fast method for space-time interest point matching. When labeled data is minimal as in the case of example-based action search, unsupervised random trees is used to leverage the unlabelled data. We describe how the randomized trees can be used for action classification, action detection, action search, and action prediction. We will also describe techniques for space-time action localization including branch-and-bound sub-volume search and propagative Hough voting.

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• Design of Switched-Capacitor Filter Circuits using Low Gain Amplifiers

  • Kolektív autorov

  • 108 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This book describes the design of switched-capacitor filter circuits using low gain amplifiers and demonstrates some techniques that can minimize the effects of parasitic capacitances during the design phase. Focus is given in the design of low-pass and band-pass SC filters, and how higher order filters can be achieved using cascaded biquadratic filter sections. The authors also describe a low voltage implementation of a low-pass SC filter.

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• Plasma-based Radar Cross Section Reduction

  • Hema Singh

  • 52 stránok
  • 2 hodiny čítania

  This book presents a comprehensive review of plasma-based stealth, covering the basics, methods, parametric analysis, and challenges towards the realization of the idea. The book starts with the basics of EM wave interactions with plasma, briefly discuss the methods used to analyze the propagation characteristics of plasma, and its generation.

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• Design and Modelling of Inductors, Capacitors and Coplanar Waveguides at Tens of GHz Frequencies

  • Naser Pour Aryan

  • 81 stránok
  • 3 hodiny čítania

  This book describes the basic principles of designing and modelling inductors, MIM capacitors and coplanar waveguides at frequencies of several tens of GHz. The author explains the design and modelling of key, passive elements, such as capacitors, inductors and transmission lines that enable high frequency MEMS operating at frequencies in the orders of tens of GHz.

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• Passivity-Based Model Predictive Control for Mobile Vehicle Motion Planning

  • Gianantonio Magnani

  

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• Perceptual Image Coding with Discrete Cosine Transform

  • Tan Ee-Leng

  This book first introduces classic as well as recent computational models for just-noticeable-difference (JND) applications. Since the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is applied in many image and video standards (JPEG, MPEG-1/2/4, H.261/3), the book also includes a comprehensive survey of computational models for JND that are based on DCT. The visual factors used in these computational models are reviewed in detail. Further, an extensive comparative analysis of these models using quantitative and qualitative performance criteria is presented, which compares the noise shaping performance of these models with subjective evaluation and the accuracy between the estimated JND thresholds and subjective evaluation. There are many surveys available on computational models for JND; however, these surveys seldom compare the performance of computational models that are based on DCT. The authors’ survey of the computational models and their in-depth review of the visual factors used in them will help readers understand perceptual image coding based on DCT. The book also provides a comparative analysis of several perceptual image coders that are based on DCT, which are compatible with the highly popular and widely adopted JPEG standard.

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• Cloud Computing Basics

  • Bhu Srinivasan

  Cloud Computing Basics covers the main aspects of this fast moving technology so that both practitioners and students will be able to understand cloud computing. The author highlights the key aspects of this technology that a potential user might want to investigate before deciding to adopt this service. This book explains how cloud services can be used to augment existing services such as storage, backup and recovery. Addressing the details on how cloud security works and what the users must be prepared for when they move their data to the cloud. Also this book discusses how businesses could prepare for compliance with the laws as well as industry standards such as the Payment Card Industry.

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• Design and Implementation of Sigma Delta Modulators (S¿M) for Class D Audio Amplifiers using Differential Pairs

  • João Nuno Pereira

  • 92 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This book focuses on the design of a 3rd Order CT- M where the integrator stages of the filter are implemented with Bipolar-Junction Transistors (BJT) differential pairs. These circuits are fully analyzed and the design method is carefully explained. The design method is validated through experimental measurements of several prototype circuits.

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• Practical Approaches to Causal Relationship Exploration

  • Jiuyong Li

  This brief presents four practical methods to effectively explore causal relationships, which are often used for explanation, prediction and decision making in medicine, epidemiology, biology, economics, physics and social sciences. The first two methods apply conditional independence tests for causal discovery. The last two methods employ association rule mining for efficient causal hypothesis generation, and a partial association test and retrospective cohort study for validating the hypotheses. All four methods are innovative and effective in identifying potential causal relationships around a given target, and each has its own strength and weakness. For each method, a software tool is provided along with examples demonstrating its use. Practical Approaches to Causal Relationship Exploration is designed for researchers and practitioners working in the areas of artificial intelligence, machine learning, data mining, and biomedical research. The material also benefits advanced students interested in causal relationship discovery.

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• Refined Ray Tracing inside Single- and Double-Curvatured Concave Surfaces

  • Balamati Choudhury

  • 88 stránok
  • 4 hodiny čítania

  This book describes the ray tracing effects inside different quadric surfaces. Analytical surface modeling is a priori requirement for electromagnetic (EM) analysis over aerospace platforms. Although numerically-specified surfaces and even non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) can be used for modeling such surfaces, for most practical EM applications, it is sufficient to model them as quadric surface patches and the hybrids thereof. It is therefore apparent that a vast majority of aerospace bodies can be conveniently modeled as combinations of simpler quadric surfaces, i.e. hybrid of quadric cylinders and quadric surfaces of revolutions. Hence the analysis of geometric ray tracing inside is prerequisite to analyzing the RF build-up. This book, describes the ray tracing effects inside different quadric surfaces such as right circular cylinder, general paraboloid of revolution (GPOR), GPOR frustum of different shaping parameters and the corresponding visualization of the ray-path details. Finally ray tracing inside a typical space module, which is a hybrid of a finite segment of right circular cylinder and a frustum of GPOR is analyzed for practical aerospace applications.

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• Near-space remote sensing

  Potential and Challenges

  • Qin Wang

  Near-space is defined as the atmospheric region from about 20 kilometer (km) altitude to 100 km altitude above the Earth’s surface. It has received much attention in recent years and several types of near-space vehicles are currently being studied, developed, or employed. “Near-Space Remote Sensing: Potential and Challenges” concentrates mainly on the role of near-space vehicles in bridging the gap between satellites and airplanes for microwave remote sensing applications, providing a top-level system description and aiming to encourage further research. Further, this book also describes several potential applications such as passive surveillance, reconnaissance, and high resolution wide swath remote imaging. The book is intended for geographers, transportation engineers and other researchers involved in remote sensing development and applications, in particular for near-space vehicles. Wen-Qin Wang is an assistant professor at the School of Communication and Information Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.

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• Design and Control of Hybrid Active Power Filters

  • Chi-Ming Lam

  • 176 stránok
  • 7 hodin čítania

  Design and Control of Hybrid Active Power Filters presents an overview of the current quality problems and their compensators. To get a balance between the system cost and performance, hybrid active power filters (HAPFs) are valuable. The book presents the coverage of resonance phenomena prevention capability, filtering performance and system robustness analysis of HAPF; nonlinear inverter current slope characteristics and their linear operation region requirement analysis of the hysteresis PWM for the HAPF; minimum inverter capacity design procedure of HAPF, adaptive dc-link voltage controller for the HAPF and the real design example of a 220V 10kVA HAPF, in which the system performance analysis method, minimum dc voltage deduction concept and adaptive dc voltage idea can be further extended into the other active compensators, such as APF, static synchronous compensator STATCOM, etc. This book will benefit researchers, graduate students, and electrical power engineers in the field of power-quality compensation. Dr. Chi-Seng Lam and Dr. Man-Chung Wong are both from the University of Macau, Macao, China.

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