Jews and gentiles

From the end of the 18th century Jewish German history shows a pattern of emancipation and counter-emancipation which this study describes in detail. Evidence is taken from the diaries and correspondence of Jewish and non-Jewish intellectuals as well as from the fictional literature of the time. The rise of civic and literary anti-Semitism is documented, and the attitudes of personalities such as Wilhelm von Humboldt, Bettina and Achim von Arnim, Rahel Varnhagen, Dorothea Schlegel, Goethe and Börne are examined.